Suspended sediment dynamics and influencing factors during typhoons in Hangzhou Bay, China

Abstract Hangzhou Bay is located in China on the south side of Changjiang Estuary and vulnerable to extreme weather, such as typhoons summer autumn. In this study, a three dimensional suspended sediment numerical model was developed that considers dynamic factors advection, mixing, wave, sediment-induced stratification simulate analyze effect water transport Bay. The validations show can sufficiently reproduce variability concentration (SSC) during typhoon conditions. simulation results high SSC bottom layer mainly distributed leading edge coast, generally exceeded 10 kg·m −3 . During typhoons, presented pattern "north-landward south-seaward" circulation, which promoted convergence center part bay. Typhoon Rumbia 2018, flux across section from Nanhui Cape Qiqu Archipelago (NQ section) increased by 18.13% 265.75%, respectively, compared with those before typhoon. wave-induced shear stress has very significant impact SSC. sensitivity experiments greatly promotes resuspension indirectly makes stronger than direct waves vertical mixing. strong winds brought enhanced surface waves. suppression mixing should not be ignored, especially for turbidity coastal waters,